Singers and actors often view voice use very differently, and the divergence is evident even in the lexicon of instruction. To an actor, voice training denotes learning how to use the speaking voice for the stage, whereas singers assume it will be a singing lesson. This dissimilarity is the impetus for Joan Melton's manual One Voice.
Melton teaches voice - that is, for stage - in the theater program, as well as voice - that is, singing - in the music theater program at California State University, Fullerton. She believes there should be more integration of singing into training actors, and more inclusion of acting into training singers. One Voice is a guide, complete with exercises, to amalgamating the two.
One of the strongest aspects of the book is Melton's acknowledgment of the differences between the disciplines. For instance, in the opening
chapter on posture and breathing, the author underlines that dancers use the breath very differently than singers. Actors who have an extensive dance background must make
adaptations for optimum singing and speaking respiration. When all of the other movement-related disciplines, such as the Alexander Technique, Feldenkrais, Pilates, stage combat, and yoga - to mention only a few are thrown into the mix, it is not surprising that students often struggle with information that seems contradictory. The author underlines the need for communication among teachers of the different disciplines so students can resolve the contradiction. Melton also encourages the incorporation of movement into voice classes so students understand the application of the different techniques.
Another of the premises for Melton's exercises is the similarity between phrasing in speech and song. She devotes a chapter to working with text, both sung and spoken. The exercises promote more efficient use of the breath and enhanced communication, both in the literal and dramatic sense.
The anatomical and physiological information contained in the book is first rate. Melton sought assistance from Kenneth Tom, a colleague in the Department of Speech Communication at Cal State, Fullerton, to present lucid explanations of respiration, phonation, and articulation. Diagrams borrowed from Meribeth Bunch's Dynamics of the Singing Voice (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1982) elucidate the text.
The book's exercises assume previous experience with bodywork, including Pilates and yoga. Melton also draws heavily upon Catherine Fitzmaurice's destructuring/structuring approach. For those unfamiliar with this work, destructuring refers to letting go of habitual breathing patterns, and restructuring refers to returning to the way the body works naturally. Additional resources to learn about the method augment the brief explanation offered by the author.
The guidebook is directed at theater students, and covers topics such as reading music and overcoming fears about singing; however, the book has much to commend it to singing students as well. The author's advice regarding vocal hygiene, how to select a voice teacher, and singing in general is straightforward and accurate.
Instruction on how to prepare scores for audition pianists, and how to select audition material and repertoire, is helpful. Singing teachers will appreciate Melton's advocacy of classical technique, including the use of legato, avoidance of glottal onsets, and
emphasis on a relaxed jaw. For these reasons, the book is useful to actors who are studying singing, and to singers who wish to enhance their audition or performance skills in music theater.
"Triple threat" in music theater describes the ideal performer. The tripartite term is misleading, for two of the components - singing and acting are dependent upon one vocal
instrument. Melton's One Voice is a welcome aid in balancing the various theatrical demands made upon the voice.
Debra Greschner
Journal of Singing
January / February 2005
Volume 61.No. 3